The Jahangirnama — the personal memoirs of Jahangir, fourth Mughal emperor of India—is a work of intensely alert observation and probing intelligence. Jahangir's great-grandfather, Babur, had written the Bahunicvna, the first true autobiography in the Islamic world, which described frankly and with immense insight the political turmoil, actions, and personalities that had brought the Mughals from Central Asia into India.